incubadora casera

INCUBADORAS CASERAS

Modelos de incubadoras caseras, como fabricar una incubadora casera

incubadora casera

Esta es una pequeña incubadora casera producto del ingenio de un criador, quien usando la mortada de un pequeño congelador con puerta frontal que obtuvo de un centro de reciclaje, pudo armar su propia incubadora casera, la cual mostramos en este articulo.

La incubadora cuenta ademas con un par de ventiladores de ordenador (12V), un transformador también de ordenador , un motor de microondas de 2.5 rpm., y unas maderas para hacer la bandeja volteadora y la nacedora. Todo ello coste 0.

De la ferretería  un par de porta lamparas, 2 bombillas 40W. y un trozo de tela metálica para las dos bandejas. Coste aprox. 10 Eur.
De internet ( ebay): Termostato 25 Eu. aprox, Higrometro 6 Eu. aprox, programador digital 12 Eur. aprox. 

La incubadora es totalmente automática, la bandeja gira los huevos 6 veces al dia, 1 minuto a la velocidad del motor del microondas ( muy despacio), el ventilador del fondo se pone en marcha cuando lo hacen las bombillas y el del techo funciona constantemente. Bueno, espero que os haya gustado y que os animeis a hacer la vuestra..

Sebright chicken

The Sebright /ˈsiːbraɪt/ is a breed of chicken named after its developer, Sir John Saunders Sebright. The Sebright is one of the oldest recorded British 'true' bantam (meaning it is a miniature bird with no corresponding large version of the breed), created in the 19th century through a selective breeding program designed to produce an ornamental breed.^[3]

The first poultry breed to have its own specialist club for enthusiasts, Sebrights were admitted to poultry exhibition standards not long after their establishment. Today, they are among the most popular of bantam breeds. Despite their popularity, Sebrights are often difficult to breed, and the inheritance of certain unique characteristics the breed carries has been studied scientifically. As a largely ornamental chicken, they lay tiny, white eggs and are not kept for meat production.

Background[edit]

Sir John Saunders Sebright (1767–1846) was the 7th Sebright Baronet, and a Member of Parliament for Hertfordshire .^[4] In addition to breeding chickens, cattle and other animals, Sir John wrote several influential pamphlets on animal keeping and breeding: The Art of Improving the Breeds of Domestic Animals (1809), Observations upon Hawking (1826), and Observations upon the Instinct of Animals(1836).^[4]

A Silver Sebright hen

Charles Darwin read Sir John's 1809 pamphlet, and was impressed with a passage that elaborated on how "the weak and the unhealthy do not live to propagate their infirmities".^[5] These writings, along with Darwin's correspondence via their mutual friendWilliam Yarrell,^[6] aided Darwin in the inception of Darwin's theory of natural selection.^[5] Darwin's seminal work On the Origin of Species, first published in 1859, cited Sir John's experiments in pigeon breeding,^[7] and recalled "That most skilful breeder, Sir John Sebright, used to say, with respect to pigeons, that 'he would produce any given feather in three years, but it would take him six years to obtain head and beak.'"^[8] Darwin also cited Sir John extensively regarding the Sebright bantam, as well as pigeon and dog breeding, in his 1868 work Variation of Plants and Animals Under Domestication, his 1871 The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, and his book on Natural Selection (which was not published in his lifetime).^[9

Sebright

A Golden Sebright rooster.
Conservation status	At Risk (RBST), Watchlist (RBCSNZ,[1] Endangered (RBTA)[2]
Country of origin	United Kingdom
Distribution	Worldwide
Use	Fancy
Traits
Weight	Male:22 oz.
	Female:20 oz.
Egg color	White
Comb type	Rose
Classification
PCGB	True Bantam
APS	True bantam softfeather light breed
Notes
extra notes
Chicken Gallus gallus domesticus In accordance with the intentions of their creator, the Sebright is an ornamental bantam, and is commonly seen in competitive poultry shows. As a true bantam, all Sebrights are very small in stature; males weigh an average of 22 ounces (625 grams) and females 20 oz (570 g). Their short backs, proportionally large breasts, and downward–pointing wings combine to create an angular, jaunty look.[13] The ideal Silver Sebright male, from The Standard of Perfection The ideal Silver Sebright female, from The Standard of Perfection All Sebrights have plumage that is laced around the edges evenly with black, on a base of either dark gold or whitish silver. Sebrights have unfeathered legs with slate–blue skin, and their beaks are ideally a dark horn color. Sebright roosters carry a rose comb covered with fine points, and a small spike that sweeps back from the head (called a leader). Combs, earlobes and wattles were originally a purple colour referred to in the fancy as mulberry,[14] but today are often bright red though mulberry is still desired according to the standards in most countries.[12] Some breeders consider hen feathering to have an adverse effect on the fertility of male Sebrights, and may use roosters that don't carry the trait for breeding purposes, despite their automatic disqualification in shows.[15] Characteristically, Sebrights are only one of a few chicken breeds in which the roosters are hen feathered, meaning they have none of the long, sickle–shaped feathers common in most roosters that appear in the tail, neck and saddle. Due to the unique characteristic hen feathering, molecular biologists have found the Sebright bantam a useful model organism in the study of sex hormones.[16] This is because they carry a mutation that causes the tissues of their skin to convert an unusually large amount of male sex hormones (androgens) into female sex hormones (estrogens).[17][18] They are kind birds but the male Sebright may get protective around hens and may turn on its own owners like all roosters may do. And due to their light, flighty nature it might be best to keep them contained to a smaller, fenced off area. Sebrights often will live happily living amongst other breeds as well. Sebrights are not prolific egglayers and hens are only expected to produce 60-80 creamy-white eggs each season.[3] Husbandry[edit] Sebrights are neither prolific egg layers, nor outstanding meat birds. They can prove to be particularly difficult to raise, especially for beginners. Hens rarely go broody and chicks usually have high mortality rates. Adults are generally hardy birds, but are especially susceptible to Marek's disease.[19] In temperament, Sebrights are friendly and actively social birds. Males are not known to be aggressive, but Sebrights in general, like most small chickens, are somewhat skittish birds. Due to their small size and relatively large wings, they are one of a minority of chicken breeds that retains a strong flying ability. Thus, most keepers keep Sebrights in confinementrather than allowing them to free range.[13] Due to their genetic make-up, males may on occasion be born infertile, further complicating breeding.[3]

A male Serama in its native country of Malaysia

History[edit]

Serama originate in the Malaysian state of Kelantan, apparently through the crossing of Japanese and Malaysian bantams.^[1] Other stories of the birds derived from a gift of some small chickens by the King of Thailand to a local sultan in ancient times. Small chickens have always been popular pets in this area and are often referred to as "ayam katik" (pygmy chickens) and "ayam cantik" (pretty chickens).

The modern breed is attributed to the efforts of Wee Yean Een from Kelantan, who named the breed "Serama" after Rama, the title of the Kings of Thailand.^[1] The breed was first exhibited in 1990. The breed was hit hard by the Asian bird flu epidemic in 2004 when many birds were culled amid government concerns.

There are no written standards for the breed in its native country. However, they do now have an overall guide on scoring and judging for competitions in Malaysia. Many breeders have a style or type that they breed to, but often breeders keep several "styles". These styles are often names given by breeders to describe a blood line of a champion (e.g. Husin, Mat Awang), but may also be more general shape, characteristics or behaviour (e.g. slim, submarine, and dragon). Hence there is quite a lot of diversity in Malaysia, but an overall theme of a small brave chicken with a persona of fearless warrior or toy soldier. The shape, behaviour, temperament and size of the bird are the most important characteristics. They compete against each other in open table top competitions (often described as "beauty contests") and scored by several judges. The prize for the winning birds can be quite a bit of money.

General characteristics[edit]

The Serama are characterized by their upright posture, full breast, vertical tail feathers held upright and tight up to the body and vertical wings held down nearly touching the ground. In Malaysia they are described as brave warriors and archangel chickens, because of their very human like appearance.

They are the smallest breed of chicken in the world. Typically under 500g, but with even smaller birds that are under 250g being bred in its native Malaysia. However, size alone does not define a Serama. A small chicken without the Serama "type" is not a Serama, but just another small bantam.

The following describes the overall characteristics of "Malaysian type." The Americans and Europeans have defined variants thereof.

Carriage and Temperament[edit]

Assertive with confident bold stance yet calm and manageable. Should be easily handled and show no aggression. The bird should pose readily and when viewed from the side should create a vase like or wide ‘V’ shape outline. They shake their wings and pose, walk with pride, pull their head back to reveal a large chest, lift the legs, and in some styles have neck/head vibrations similar to that of a pigeon.

Body[edit]

The body is well muscled with breast carried high, full and well forward. From above the shape is somewhat elliptical, tapering towards the tail. The body should be short.

Wings[edit]

Fairly large wings in proportion to the body they should be held in a vertical position just clearing the ground and leaving the feet partially visible. Shoulders should be set high on the bird. Primaries are long of medium width with secondaries moderately long and broad.

Tail[edit]

Tail is full and carried high, pointing upwards and held close to the body of the bird with no space between the body and tail. The sickle feathers are relatively straight and spear like. A minimum of one inch longer than the other tail feathers, but ideally no more than a couple of inches above the head is desirable. The remaining tail feathers should ideally be no higher than the top of the comb when the bird is standing to attention. The Main tail feathers should be broad and should over lap neatly. The tail should be open and when viewed from behind should be open to an angle of 45 degrees creating an open ‘V’ shape.

Head[edit]

Head should be small and carried well back. Head is required beyond the level of the feet and held in position of more than 90 degrees from the feet. The single comb is small to medium in size with a minimum of five serrations preferred. The comb should be straight smooth, free of folds or any deformities and tending towards flyaway type. Wattles are to compliment the comb, smaller being preferred and free from folds and wrinkles.

Legs and feet[edit]

The legs are of medium to long length, straight and set wide apart to allow for full and muscular body. They should be strong and stable. Thighs should be of medium length and well muscled with shanks of good thickness. They should not appear soft and weak.

Feathers & Colour[edit]

Like some other Asiatic breeds, they are not colour bred in their native country. Only normal feathered birds are accepted in Malaysia. Feathers held tight against the body and should not be long or flowing.

Silkied feathered birds are accepted in America and much of Europe. The silkied gene was believed to be carried by some birds imported from Malaysia.

Other mutations (e.g. frizzled, rumpless and booted) have been introduced in America and some parts of Europe by crossing to other breeds.They can have a range of varieties in color and structure.

Caracteristicas Sedosas del Japón

Caracteristicas Sedosas del Japón

Raza muy antigua y que proviene de Asia

De todos es conocido que esta especie es de lo mas singular y llamativa.

Su plumaje esponjoso que  recuerda mas a un gato de angora que a una gallina es lo que determina su nombre como sedosas, existiendo una gran variedad de colorido y capas.

Las sedosas se han utilizado en china con fines medicinales desde hace muchos años ya que bajo su creencia la carne negra de este animal y los huevos poseen propiedades curativas.

Aunque existen otras razas con esta característica , la sedosas de Japón ha de tener cinco dedos en las patas para considerarse totalmente perfectas.

Otra curiosidad en esta gallina es el color azulado intenso en las orejillas y una cresta muy singular en los machos en forma de nuez de color granate.

 

   

Dentro de la misma especie existen las sedosas con barba y las sedosas sin barba.

 

                                                                          

Las hembras a diferencia de los machos poseen un copete muy poblado y  algunas nacen con una protuberancia en la cabeza que las distingue claramente.

Para distinguir el sexo de los pollitos recién nacidos existen diferentes formas

Una ya la he mencionado y otras serian las siguientes aunque no resulta fácil y a veces puede llevar a equívocos aunque a mi me suelen funcionar bastante bien.

Cuerpo mucho mas redondeado en las hembras y con una línea semi circular al final del cuerpo

que en los machos es mucho mas recta.

En estas imágenes también se aprecia la diferencia de las plumas de las alas entre el macho y la hembra

Otra opción es palpar el ancho de las caderas que en el caso de las hembras es siempre mas ancho y terminando en pico en los machos.

 

Las plumas secundarias siempre son mas cortas que las primarias en las hembras y en los machos suelen del  mismo tamaño o mas cortas las primarias.

Las sedosas del Japón son unas excelentes madres que incuban sin ningún problema y dado su pelaje tienen bastante capacidad de abarcar huevos, por si solas

son capaces de abarcar a la perfección mas de diez huevos

Los gallos de esta especie son muy buenos padres y es fácil verles estimulando a los pequeños polluelos para que aprendan a comer y escarbar ante su llamada.

La variedad rizada es igual de llamativa y esponjosa que la propia raza y tienen las mismas características que las anteriores a excepción de sus plumas rizadas.

Espero que si os animáis a tener esta raza de gallina sepáis disfrutarlas tanto como yo lo hago y que esta información resumida os sea de la mejor ayuda posible.